A behavior systems view of responding to probe stimuli during an interfood clock     

Kathleen M. Silva  William Timberlake 《Learning & behavior》1998,26(3):313-325

Two experiments used a behavior systems approach to relate the form of responses during an interfood clock to the temporal distance of the individual clock stimuli to food. Stimuli proximate to food should better control a focal search mode and related responses, whereas stimuli temporally distant from food should better control a general search mode and related responses. Experiment 1 conditioned two groups of rats with a sequence of four equal-length 12-sec clock stimuli that terminated with food and then tested for the conditioning of a general search mode by presenting an unconditioned moving probe stimulus (either a rolling ball bearing or a rotating mechanical door) during each of the clock stimuli. Consistent with a behavior systems view, contact with the ball bearing was markedly greater during a clock stimulus distant from food. The absence of similar differential contact of the door across the clock stimuli showed that the effect was specific to the ball bearing rather than a general response to stimulus dimensions of movement and sound. Experiment 2 showed that the general search mode was controlled by the clock stimulus rather than the passage of time.  相似文献   

Assessing the Impact of a Ceremony in Honor of the Body Donors in the Development of Ethical and Humanistic Attitudes among Medical Students     

Andrea Oxley da Rocha  Joao Lins Maués  Gabriel Antônio Flores Chies  Ana Paula da Silva 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(4):467-474

Activities related to body donation programs, such as donor memorial ceremonies, provide the opportunity to complement student training, especially with regard to the ethical and humanistic elements involved in medical training. This study sought to assess the impact of a ceremony in honor of the body donors has on ethical and humanistic attitudes in medical students. Medical students were surveyed about their perceptions of changes in themselves, respect for donors and donor families, and their relationship with patients. The effect of the students' contact with the family of the donor was analyzed in students who had contact with the cadaver in the dissection room and had either participated or not participated in the donor memorial ceremony. A total of 370 questionnaires were answered by first-, second-, and third-year medical students at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre in 2017. The students who participated in the ceremony presented more positive responses in relation to commitment to their studies, reflection on death, and positive development of empathy when compared to those who did not attend the ceremony. Most of the students that attended the ceremony suggested the event led to an improvement in the doctor–patient relationship. These results suggest that cadaver dissection with accompanied memorial ceremony involving contact with donor families is an effective means of fostering ethical and humanistic attitudes among medical students from the beginning of the course.  相似文献   

Learning through chemistry simulations: an analysis of cognitive skill levels     

da Silva  Renan Amorim  de Vasconcelos  Flávia Cristina Gomes Catunda 《Education and Information Technologies》2022,27(5):6967-6987

Education and Information Technologies - This paper presents an analysis of cognitive skill levels expressed in high school students’ performance using laboratory simulations. We address...  相似文献   

Lessons from the famous 17th-century paradox of the Chevalier de Méré     

José Daniel López-Barrientos  Eliud Silva  Enrique Lemus-Rodríguez 《Teaching Statistics》2023,45(1):36-44

We take advantage of a combinatorial misconception and the famous paradox of the Chevalier de Méré to present the multiplication rule for independent events; the principle of inclusion and exclusion in the presence of disjoint events; the median of a discrete-type random variable, and a confidence interval for a large sample. Moreover, we pay tribute to our original bibliographic sources by providing two computational tools to facilitate the students' insights on these topics.  相似文献   

Introducing medical students to radiological anatomy: The importance of experiential learning during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns     

Gustavo Bittencourt Camilo  Sérgio Murta Maciel  Gabriela Cumani Toledo Camilo  Kayan Felipe de Oliveira Andrade  Beatriz de Oliveira  Rayane da Silva Silveira  Isabella Nunes Borges Ferreira  Caroline da Silva Fernandes  Mariana Vilela Ferreira 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(5):980-984

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